Good and Bad Dams

Latin America and Caribbean Region Sustainable Development Working Paper 16 Good Dams and Bad Dams: Environmental Criteria for Site Selection of Hydroelectric Projects November 2003 George Ledec Juan David Quintero The World Bank Latin America and Caribbean Region Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Department (LCSES) Latin America and the Caribbean Region Sustainable Development Working Paper No. 16 Good Dams and Bad Dams: Environmental Criteria for Site Selection of Hydroelectric Projects November 2003George Ledec Juan David Quintero The World Bank Latin America and the Caribbean Region Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Sector Management Unit George Ledec has worked with the World Bank since 1982, and is by and by Lead Ecologist for the Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Unit (LCSES) of the World Bank’s Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office. He has practical experience in the ecological evaluation of advancement ven tures, with specific spotlight on biodiversity and related protection oncerns. He has worked widely with the ecological parts of dams, streets, oil and gas, woodland the executives, and ensured zones, and is one of the fundamental creators of the World Bank’s Natural Habitats Policy. Dr. Ledec earned a Ph. D. in Wildland Resource Science from the University of California-Berkeley, a Masters in Public Affairs from Princeton University, and a Bachelors in Biology and Environmental Studies from Dartmouth College.Juan David Quintero joined the World Bank in 1993 and is by and by Lead Environmental Specialist for LCSES and Coordinator of the Bank’s Latin America and Caribbean Quality Assurance Team, which screens consistence with ecological and social defend strategies. He represents considerable authority in ecological evaluation of framework ventures, for the most part streets, hydropower, oil and gas, urban vehicle, and water flexibly and sanitation. He has gotten the Re gional Award from the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) for advancing upgrades in ecological effect appraisals all through Latin America.He is a structural architect with postgraduate degrees in Environmental and Sanitary Engineering. The discoveries, understandings, and ends in this report are those of the creators, and ought not be ascribed in any way to the World Bank, its subsidiary associations, individuals from its Board of Executive Directors, or the nations they speak to. This working paper arrangement is delivered by the Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Sector Management Unit of the Latin America and Caribbean Regional Office. Extra duplicates might be gotten from the creators or from LCSES Program Assistant Peter Brandriss ([emailâ protected] rg, or tel. 1-202-473-9379). Spread photographs (clockwise from upper left): Loksop Dam, South Africa Guavio Dam, Colombia Yacyreta Dam, Argentina/Paraguay All photographs by George Ledec ii C ontents Acknowledgments †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. iv Foreword †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. v Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ii Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 Adverse Environmental Impacts of Hydropower Development †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Key Indicators of Likely Environmental Impacts †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 Overview of Environmentally Good and Bad Hydroelectric Dam Sites †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 13 Conclusions †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 17 Tables 1. Hydroelectric Projects: Adverse Impacts and Mitigation Options 4 2. Land Area Flooded and People Displaced in Large Hydropower Projects iii 12 Acknowledgments Doug Mason (expert) accumulated information on in excess of twenty finished Latin American hydroelectric activities; this data was helpful in our investigation of ecological and social effects, relief measures, and site determination criteria.Several flow and previous World Bank Group staff individuals gave valuable remarks and much support, including Alessandro Palmieri, John Briscoe, Teresa Ser ra, Tony Whitten, Robert Goodland, Tor Ziegler, Warren Van Wicklin, William Partridge, Maria Clara Mejia, Kristine Ivarsdotter, Mateen Thobani, Salman, and A. J. Glauber. This paper likewise mirrors the accommodating remarks gave by Dominique Egre and Gaitan Guertin (Hydro-Quebec), Jose Goldemberg (World Commission on Dams), and Paul Dulin. Dwindle Brandriss editted and set up the report for distribution. iv ForewordFew kinds of improvement ventures stir as much debate as hydroelectric dams. Their regularly genuine natural harm has been adequately archived inside the previous decade. In any case, numerous nations, in Latin America and around the world, depend upon hydroelectric dams for a significant segment of their electric force. Power stays a key element for improving the lives of destitute individuals all over the place. In creating nations, fast urbanization and proceeded with populace development will guarantee expanded interest for electric force for a considerable length of time to come, even with the best of interest the board and vitality proficiency measures.Energy organizers in many creating nations are along these lines prone to keep considering hydroelectric to be as a promising wellspring of sustainable electric force. This report gives significant exhortation to generously decreasing the natural harm from future hydroelectric dams (regardless of whether they get World Bank Group financing) through great undertaking site determination. In spite of the fact that the report’s ends are drawn fundamentally from a survey of Latin American dams, its creative approach for dam site selectionâ€based on hearty ecological and social standards and clear, quantitative indicatorsâ€should demonstrate valuable worldwide.The report likewise accommodatingly sums up the natural moderation alternatives for the improved activity of existing hydroelectric dams. In that capacity, this report should be of impressive enthusiasm to individuals keen on hydro electric dams, regardless of whether at the World Bank, other multilateral and reciprocal improvement organizations, government offices, private vitality organizations, counseling firms, ecological and different NGOs, and the scholarly world. This report is a piece of the LCR Sustainable Development Working Paper Series distributed by the Latin America and the Caribbean Region’s Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Sector Management Unit (LCSES).This arrangement tries to disperse the consequences of our diagnostic and operational work, present primer discoveries, and portray â€Å"best practices† as for major feasible improvement issues confronting the district. The discoveries, translations, and ends communicated in these papers are totally those of the creators and ought not be credited to the World Bank, individuals from its Board of Executive Directors, or the nations they speak to. John Redwood Director Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Deve lopment Latin America and Caribbean Region The World Bank v Executive SummaryLarge dams shift significantly in their unfavorable ecological and related social effects. From an ecological angle, there are generally acceptable dams and terrible dams. While some enormous dams are generally considerate, others have caused major ecological harm. The seriousness of natural effects from a hydroelectric undertaking is to a great extent controlled by the dam site. While dams at great locales can be truly solid from an ecological stance, those proposed at terrible destinations will characteristically be exceptionally dangerous, regardless of whether all practical moderation measures are appropriately implemented.This paper gives a basic, yet strong, technique for looking at proposed hydroelectric venture locales as far as their normal negative natural effects, and relating these to control age benefits. The paper likewise sums up the natural moderation choices for enormous dams. On the off ch ance that appropriately executed, these relief measures can successfully forestall, limit, or make up for some (however not the entirety) of a hydroelectric project’s negative impacts.Nonetheless, the best

My Dog Bella Claire Essay Example For Students

My Dog Bella Claire Essay On December 23, 2014, my sisters and I got our new little doggy. We as a whole concurred that her name would have been Bella Claire. Bella was this delightful, little, earthy colored pup with wavy hide. She is a scaled down Shih Tzu and a house hound. Bella is the most fun loving little dog I have ever played with, however on the off chance that somebody thumps on the entryway or rings the doorbell she gets forceful. When somebody strolls into our home she get so energized we are apprehensive she may have a coronary failure. Bella adores playing with all her toys. Despite the fact that she is just multi month, she realizes how to sit, get, turn over, and give high fives. At the point when we originally got her, all she needed to do was rest. After about seven days is when Bella at long last needed to play. Presently that is all she needs to do no make a difference what time or night. It very well may be one oclock toward the beginning of the day and she is scratching at my entryway to come in with her ball in her mouth prepared to play. Each morning on the off chance that somebody doesn't play with her she will make this small crying sound until she stands out enough to be noticed. She is an exceptionally ruined pup. Consistently she gets another toy, so implies some other break the day somebody needs to play with it. In all we love her to death and invest as much energy with her as possible around our calendars. Bella additionally appreciates eating. You can swear this canines is continually eating when she isn't attempting to get you to play with her. We generally must have her nourishment and water bowl full, or else she will convey her little pink bowl to somebody to get it topped off. My sisters and I are continually saying in what manner can a little doggy eat so much nourishment. Obviously with her eating so much nourishment and drinking so much water she needs to utilize the washroom a great deal. Thank gosh Bella is potty prepared to utilize her little doggy cushions and not on our floors. Each time she potties on her matt, she realize she will get a treat for being a decent little dog. She naturally hurries to the cupboards where all her nourishment and treats are put away and will sit and bark until somebody will give her a treat. In any event, when we as a whole go out and she does her business, we return and she is sitting hanging tight for her treat. Her preferred sort of treat is the Pup Peroni. From time to time my mother would give her a nibble of her nourishment, so now every time somebody is eating something she needs a chomp of it. Every other person in my family doesn't surrender to it, since we as a whole realize she will need our nourishment each time we are eating. One of the extraordinary things I find in my pooch is the manner by which amusing it tends to be in some cases. Bella has some way or another figured out how to snatch our garments in the utility room and drag them under the couch with her. So when we have a garment missing the primary spot we check for is under the couch. Bella additionally prefer to cover up under covers that are left on the couch. Each time somebody gets under it she gets a kick out of the chance to chomp your toes or your shoes, which scars the hell out of you. We don't have a clue how she figured out how to do every one of these things, yet we receive a break in return. At whatever point you are feeling down she generally know by one way or another to perk you up. .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .postImageUrl , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:hover , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:visited , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:active { border:0!important; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:active , .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:hover { darkness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u15256 402658cfb369665737a70972f13 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u15256402658cfb369665737a70972f13:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Julius Caesar: Power's Corruption EssayOne day I was debilitated in bed and she would come set down with me throughout the day. Bella is so sweet, you can nearly consider her your closest companion. That is the reason I am happy to such an extent that we chose to get Bella. Without her I would not comprehend what to do at home to sit around with. Bella Claire has been a gift since we got her. Regular she is continually thinking of something new and taking our breath away. By just being around one pound she takes on such a large number of enormous things that makes us giggle. She just realizes how to light up your day wh en you are having a terrible day. We are continually relying on her to learn new deceives and making us chuckle.